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A forehead lift, also known as a browlift or browplasty, is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to elevate a drooping eyebrow that may obstruct vision and/or to remove the deep “worry” lines that run across the forehead and may portray to others anger, sternness, hostility, fatigue or other unintended emotions. ==Overview of the procedure== A forehead lift, also sometimes referred to as a browlift is a surgical procedure to change the position of the soft tissues of the forehead and thereby the appearance of the upper face and also reduce sagging of skin in the eyebrows and above the nose. Multiple surgical approaches have been developed, and more than one may be used in combination by surgeons wishing to elevate the forehead skin. A direct browlift is performed by removing an segment of skin and muscle just above the eyebrows. The incision is hidden within the brow hair. This technique does not address wrinkles or lines within the forehead and surgical scars may be prominent. It is typically reserved for older patients or for men with thick eyebrow hair and male pattern baldness for whom other techniques might result in unacceptable elevation of the hairline. A mid-forehead lift is intended for patients who have heavy sagging eyebrows and the deeper forehead wrinkles. The surgeon makes incisions within the deep forehead wrinkles and removes the excess skin, fat and sometimes muscle. Incisions are made within the deep wrinkles so that the resulting scars are concealed within the skin lines and not very noticeable after healing. The advantage of this technique is that less of the forehead tissues need to be loosened at surgery to elevate the eyebrows and less skin needs to be removed when a site is chosen within the lines in the lower part of the forehead. Because this technique does not require elevating the skin of the whole forehead, the position of the hairline is not affected. This is advantageous for patients with high hairlines for whom more elevation of the hairline would be undesirable. A coronal forehead lift is performed by making an ear to ear incision across the top of the head and elevating the entire forehead and brow. The advantage of this technique is that incisions are not made on the face. The disadvantages are that a large area of skin and underlying tissues in the forehead must be loosened in order to elevate the brows and the loosened tissues are then stretched toward the top of the head, raising the position of the hairline. Depending on where the hairline is located before surgery, the elevated hairline may or may not produce a desirable appearance. Excess skin is usually removed from the incision area, which may result in loss of hair-bearing scalp skin. Because of the length of the incision--from one side of the head to the other across the top of the head--a longer scar necessarily results, which if within the hair-bearing part of the scalp may not be noticeable, but in persons with thinning hair, might leave a visible scar. For the surgeon, the longer incision also presents issues of bleeding control which may require special instruments and a longer operating time. One version of this procedure, sometimes called a pre-trichal lift, requires an incision in the skin in the upper forehead just in front of the hairline. The sides of the incision may be made either in front of the hairline at the temples or behind the hairline. In this approach, loose forehead skin is stretched upward and removed just in front of the hairline, leaving the hairline height unchanged but allowing removal of excess forehead skin. The advantage is not changing the position of the hairline. The disadvantages are otherwise those of the coronal browlift. Another technique, called an endoscopic forehead lift, involves the use of instruments along with a surgical endoscope placed under the forehead skin through small incisions. The procedure loosens the forehead skin and elevates the brows and smooths forehead wrinkles by stretching the loosened forehead tissues upward toward the top of the head. Suspending sutures are sometimes used between the underside of the stretched skin and the forehead bones to support the elevated skin and brows. The advantage of this surgical technique is smaller incisions, less bleeding, and faster healing. Often the skin of the scalp must also be loosened from the underside to allow the elevated and stretched skin to lay flat against the skull bones. The disadvantage of this technique is that it may result in elevating the patient's hairline higher than is cosmetically desired. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Forehead lift」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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